by Jackie Johnson Jackie Johnson No Comments

The Mexican Plastics Industry During COVID-19

With COVID-19 spreading across the globe, one company in Mexico City has created a rotomolded solution to help curb the infection in one of the world’s largest food markets. In fact, Mexico’s plastics industry has played a large part in COVID-19 relief.

The Mexican plastics industry is a relatively young one. However, it has quickly become one of the fastest developing sectors in the country. In 2016, the country was the tenth largest worldwide plastic producer, with a market of $33 billion.

Because it is so new, the Mexican plastics industry has the unique advantage of having new machinery that is on par with, and even superior to, those in Europe, where equipment could be 50 years old. Which means there are fewer problems to contend with which in turn allows for rapid production and innovation when the country needs it most.

So, in this week’s blog post, we will cover how the Mexican plastics industry has combated COVID-19.

Hospitals and Hand Washing Stations

The Mexico City based company Grupo Rotoplas SAB de CV has teamed up with toilet cleaning brand Harpic as well as the Mexican Red Cross to install a field hospital at the Central de Abastos, an open-air food market in the borough of Iztapalapa in central Mexico City, which was considered in the early days of the pandemic to be one of the main sources of contagion in the city. The hospital has been able to provide tests and care for sufferers of COVID-19.

Developed in the 1970s, Iztapalapa is one of Mexico City’s sixteen municipalities, and with a population of 1.8 million it is the most populous. The borough is heavily working class, and the people of Iztapalapa have been still working on the streets even while the threat of the Corona virus looms. When COVID hit the Central de Abastos, it spread rapidly, with one testing center testing 15,000 people with 1,347 testing positive.

In response, in addition to the field hospital, Rotoplas has installed multiple hand washing stations across the market, which covers 800 acres, as well as hanging banners offering advice on preventative action. Because of this it is estimated that 12,000 people have benefited from the new sanitary measures.

Rotoplas is best known for manufacturing large water tanks. They have a 27 product lines operate a score of manufacturing facilities across North and Central America and employs about 3,000 people.

From Coca-Cola to Face Masks

Like most of the world, Mexico has had a hard time procuring masks for hospitals and other medical facilities. One company, food-grade PET recycler PetStar SAPI de CV, stepped up to the plate by donating around 212,000 20-calibre face shields made from 1-million plastic bottles, which in turn were donated by Arca Continental, a company that is part of the Mexican Coca-Cola industry.

The process of recycling plastics is a labor intensive one. The plastic must first be washed to remove impurities that could impede operation. Then the plastic is fed into shredders which break down the plastic into much smaller pieces. These smaller pieces can be processed into the next stages for reuse. Before that, they must be checked again for any remaining impurities and given a second wash. After the plastic is further tested and identified by class and quality, they are melted down and crushed together to form pellets. These pellets can then be molded to form items such as face shields.

Recycling plastic bottles not only helped provide more masks to frontline workers, it also kept plastic bottles out of landfills and the ocean, where they could linger for generations. Not only did PetStar provide life-saving face masks, they also helped reduce plastic waste by recycling bottles.

Much Needed Protection

Dow Inc. contributed 25,000 protective gowns to the health sector of Mexico. For healthcare professionals battling COVID-19, isolation gowns are among the most used personal protective equipment right behind masks. And like masks there has been a shortage. In response, DOW, Inc. collaborated with nine key partners across a multitude of industries to develop donate 100,000 isolation gowns to frontline workers in Texas, Louisiana, and of course, Mexico.

Michelle Boven of Dow, Inc. had this to say on the subject:

“Many companies have shown tremendous ingenuity and speed in changing over production to meet the needs for respirators, masks, face shields, hand sanitizer and other products critical to fighting this pandemic,” said Boven from Dow. “With the accelerated product development, testing and certification of these medical gowns, Dow is proud to be among these innovators and we will continue to look for ways to use our vast material science expertise to address the needs of frontline workers around the world.”

Other Examples

  • Chemical manufacturer Alpek SAB de CV donating 500 gallons of hand sanitizing gel to public hospitals.
  • Polyethylene maker Braskem Idesa S.A.P.I. donated 12 metric tons of PE for the production of one million bottles of disinfectant.

In Conclusion

Mexico’s plastic industry is relatively young, but still booming despite the pandemic. It has expanded rapidly to become a $33 billion industry. With the increase in growth the Mexican plastic industry has been in the unique position to help the people of Mexico withstand the deadly pandemic.

Whether it’s providing lifesaving protective equipment or simply placing banners with tips on how to stay safe, the plastics industry has stepped up to help during these uncertain times.

by Sara McCaslin, PhD Sara McCaslin, PhD No Comments

Polymer Seal Options for Semiconductors

The manufacturing of semiconductors and semiconductor-related products requires reliable, high purity seals that can survive harsh operating conditions. The right sealing solution can reduce downtime, increase production efficiency, reduce power requirements, and increase process reliability

Seal Environments in Semiconductor Applications

The operating environments for seals in semiconductor applications are challenging to say the least. They may be exposed to fluorine and oxygen plasmas, as well as chlorinated gases, at extreme temperatures or vacuum conditions. Semiconductor seals are typically exposed to highly aggressive, corrosive fluids, such as acids, bases, amine-based strippers, and solvents. Such operating environments can quickly lead to seals that fail prematurely or experience rapid degradation. In addition, because of the delicate nature of semiconductors with respect to contamination, most applications require ultra-high levels of purity.

Semiconductor Applications for Seals

  • Semiconductor processing systems
  • Rotary shaft seals for gearboxes and processing pumps
  • High speed seals

Key Material Properties for Semiconductor Seals

When it comes to semiconductor seals, there are certain material properties that are often key:

  • Reliable mechanical performance
  • Extremely low levels of both anionic and cationic impurities
  • Low levels of TOC (Total Organic Carbon) 
  • Good performance in ultra pure deionized water
  • Low permeation rates
  • Reduced IR (Infrared Absorption)
  • Resistance to both dry and wet process chemistry
  • Minimal outgassing (which can be a major problem at continuous high temperatures)
  • Minimal particle generation 
  • Ultra-high purity
  • Low friction 

Types of Semiconductor Seals

While some applications may simply need a more traditional lip seal, other options include labyrinth seals, spring-energized seals, and encapsulated o-rings. 

Labyrinth seals are a type of dynamic mechanical clearance seal that, when the right material is chosen, exhibit very low friction and provide a long seal life. They are most often used to isolate an area of low pressure from an area of high pressure and do an excellent job of keeping problematic contaminants out and fluid media inside. Labyrinth seals perform extremely well in the presence of extreme pressures as well as cyclic temperatures and pressures. They are also available in a wide variety of engineering polymers, including those recommended for semiconductor seals.

Spring-energized seals can handle vacuum pressures and extreme temperatures extremely well, maintaining a reliable seal when lip seals or o-rings fail. This is made possible by a spring energizer that causes the lip of the seal to maintain contact with the sealing surface even when there are varying pressures or dimensional changes. These are highly dependable seals and can work well in semiconductor applications when combined with the right spring and lip material. 

Encapsulated o-rings work especially well in cryogenic applications and are able to maintain seal integrity in axial sealing applications that are extremely challenging to other seal types. In this type of seal, an elastomeric or spring core is completely contained within a polymeric o-ring, and (once again) with the right material choices can provide outstanding performance even in the presence of highly corrosive or reactive materials. In addition, non-contaminating materials such as PTFE are often used in encapsulated o-rings.

Polymer Materials for Semiconductor Seals

While the type of seal used (i.e., labyrinth, spring energized, etc.) is vital to your design, the choice of material is vital to ensure that the seal does not degrade or prematurely fail. There are several engineering polymers that are well adapted to the unique challenges faced by seals in a semiconductor environment.

PEEK (Polyether Ether Ketone) already has an excellent reputation as a seal material for general applications due to its low friction, wide range of operating temperatures, and excellent chemical resistance. In the context of seals for semiconductors, it also exhibits key features such as low outgassing, good plasma resistance, and excellent performance at high-service temperatures. 

PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) is another very popular seal material, sharing several characteristics with PEEK along with even lower friction and superior chemical compatibility. PTFE works extremely well in high temperature, corrosive environments and is a high-purity material. Note that PTFE is already a commonly used material for gaskets in semiconductor applications.

PI (Polyimide) is another excellent option for semiconductor seals. It is another high purity material that exhibits low outgassing and excellent cryogenic performance along with other properties that are needed to ensure excellent seal integrity. 

Another potential material for use in sealing applicants for semiconductors is PCTFE (Polychlorotrifluoroethylene), often known by its trade name Kel-F or Neoflon. PCTFE shares many of the characteristics of PTFE while improving on others, including better strength and hardness. Like PTFE, it also offers low friction and excellent chemical compatibility.

PAI (Polyamide-imide), referred to by its trade name Torlon, is another option when looking for the right material in semiconductor sealing applications. It is another polymer that has excellent sealing properties when cryogenic temperatures are involved and high pressures are involved. It is also chemically compatible with a range of corrosive media and has excellent wear resistance combined with self-lubrication and low friction. 

Conclusion

Specifying seals for semiconductor applications can be extremely challenging, but the right combination of seal type and material can increase operational efficiency, reduce equipment and process downtime, and lower overall maintenance and operation costs. If you are interested in further exploring sealing solutions for semiconductor applications, our knowledgeable team of seal experts here at Advanced EMC can work with you to find the optimal seal for your design.